Biochemistry is the study of the basic chemistry and processes that occur in cells. It involves the comparison of DNA (explained in another part), proteins such as cytochrome c and haemoglobin and chromosomes across different species. Similarities in the comparison can be used as evidence in support of evolution.
Chromosomes
Some organisms share similar numbers of chromosomes. For example, humans possess 23 pairs of chromosomes, while apes possess 24 pairs. If evolution was true, perhaps a chromosome fusion occurred, and so humans ended up with one less pair of chromosomes than apes. The human chromosome 2 has two centromeres, and a section where there are two telomeres in the middle, suggesting the ends of two chromosomes were fused together to make that chromosome. |